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Surrealism

 

Olympia, painting by René MagritteIt was a terrifying interruption to an otherwise peaceful day at the René Magritte Museum (located in the artist’s former home) on September 29, 2009. As three employees and two tourists enjoyed a quiet morning in the small former home of the artist, the doorbell of the by-appointment-only museum rang just after 10:00. Two men entered, held a gun at the museum attendant who had greeted them, forced everyone to the ground in the museum’s courtyard, and then left with one painting in their possession – the 1948 oil portrait Olympia. The painting, atypical of Magritte’s other surrealist object and landscape portraits, shows his wife, Olympia, lying nude on a beach with a conch shell on her stomach.

The painting is valued at over $1 million, but most experts guess that the thieves did not intend to sell the masterpiece. The painted portrait is far too famous to sell, even on the black market, and the men took only the one piece, despite having time and access to numerous other works. The details of the crime suggest that an illegal collector hired these two men to steal this specific original oil art for his or her own underground collection.

René Magritte: Some may call him the master of the absurd, I call him the closest thing to a philosopher the art world has ever seen. Time Transfixed (La Durée poignardée, 1938) Oil on canvas painting by René Magritte. You may know his works as those deliciously impossible paintings: a train coming through a fireplace or the suit without a man. This is how Magritte did surrealism, in dream-like, poetic imagery that carries impact.

He worked in a field of seeming opposites. But his work was actually were a take on the world and the artist's place in the world. His painting, The Treachery of Images exemplifies this idea. The painting is in an almost early-pop art style of pipe and the text below reads “this is not a pipe.” This seems at first glance to be a contradiction, but it is one that is right. It is a painting of a pipe, not a pipe. This could be seen as a comment on realism in art and how the artist can never truly depict the object they are after.

Paul Klee is hard to classify. His works are instantly recognizable and belong in a category of their own. Tale à la Hoffmann, Watercolor, ink, and pencil on paper, 1921 Paul Klee They are abstract, expressionist, Bauhaus, cubist, surrealist but when trying to describe his work one ends up grasping for something more. His work does not fit into any box of art history but rather it seems to be a natural extension of himself.

When stumbling upon his works in museums, the word childlike is sure to appear on many lips. This quality is quite whimsical, romantic and even a bit humorous. It makes it hard to not instantly love Klee.

In his early years, Klee struggled with art-school. Color was the hurdle. He seemed to lack a natural sense of using color, but he continued with art. Klee was also a gifted musician but felt that he had something to add to abstract art not music. It was this element of avant garde in art that excited him, he did not sense this in music.

It was when Klee met famed artist, Kandinsky that he began to open up to the possibilities with color. This turning point reach it's clarity when he quipped “Color has taken possession of me; no longer do I have to chase after it, I know that it has hold of me forever. That is the significance of this blessed moment. Color and I are one. I am a painter.”

Frida, Movie Poster, 2002

Frida

Starring: Salma Hayek, Alfred Molina

Release: 2002

 

Frida (2002) follows the life and work of Frida Kahlo (played here by Salma Hayek) from her youth through her death. The film represents the Mexican surrealist and self portrait painter as influenced primarily by two things: the bus accident that nearly killed her as a teenager and her two turbulent marriages to muralist Diego Rivera (played by Alfred Molina). As it focuses on such a broad expanse of experience, the film proves to embody both the very worst aspects of so-called “biopics” and the very best.

When it comes down to it, a number of the films on this list (particularly Basquiat, Pollock, and Lust for Life) all suffer from the same problem that Frida does: they try to address an entire life in the length of a few short hours, which is nearly impossible. The result is that the life is boiled down to a few events, with pictures of paintings interspersed. This can, unfortunately, give a film a bit of a hollow feel, which does happen sometimes in Frida.

The Persistence of Memory, painting by Salvador Dalí

Surrealism: The word itself evokes dream-like, absurd yet serenely beautifully painted images. Back in the early 20's when surrealism was of the most radical and obscene of art who would have realized that this style and form of art would become classic. And yet today a piece of surrealist art work is sure to be admired by all lovers of art, traditional or contemporary.

While Dada was the anti-art, rejecting all that the art world held near and dear, Surrealism had a different view on art. These artists believed that paintings depicting ordinary scenes from life were important to art, but that the canvas needed to make room for imagination. They believed a painting could hold all things the artist could dream up, and that was where true and exciting art was formed.

The philosophy of the movement fit the aesthetic of the art quite literally. They thought that human beings needed to be freed from what they saw as a false rationality and all of the expectations and beliefs of social norms and customs. They were also interested in Freudian psychology, especially the unconscious and dreams.


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